To better understand the trend of the below 4Q Earnings amounts, I think it might be helpful to address the 4Q Income Tax Expense (Benefit) of three of them.
First, the second on the below list ..... eBay. It's 4Q 2016 Earnings of $5.9 Bil were bolstered by a non-cash $4.6 Bil income tax benefit related to a legal structure realignment, primarily impacting its international entities.
Second, the third on the below list ..... Alphabet.
For the 9 Months Ended Sept 30, 2016, Alphabet generated Pretax Income of $17.293 Bil, up 20% from $14.451 Bil in the 9 Months Ended Sept 30, 2015. Its After Tax Net Income for the 9 Months Ended September 30, 2016 was $14.145 Bil, up 24% from the $11.425 Bil in the 9 Months Ended Sept 30, 2015. Its Book Effective Income Tax Rate for the 9 Months Ended September 30, 2016 was 18.2% vs. a higher 20.9% for the 9 Months Ended September 30, 2015.
So, what happened in the 4Q 2016? Well, Alphabet used a higher book effective tax rate of 22.2% for the 4Q 2016, as compared with reporting a substantially lower book effective tax rate of only 5.3% in the 4Q 2015. This resulted in a strange result with Alphabet's After Tax Net Income for the 4Q 2016 increasing by only 8% from the 4Q 2015, whereas its Pretax Income for the 4Q 2016 increased by an exceptional 32% from the 4Q 2015.
So, what's with the huge variances in Alphabet's book effective tax rates? I think a significant part of it relates to the US Research Tax Credit, which is large and increasing for Alphabet to the tune of $407 Mil in 2015, which was up 28% from $307 Mil in 2014.
The US PATH Act which made the Research Tax Credit permanent in the very latter part of the 4Q 2015 resulted in large part for Alphabet's 4Q 2015 book effective tax rate being extremely low ..... 5.3% ..... since 4Qs of Research Tax Credit had to be reflected all in the 4Q 2015. On the other hand, since this Research Tax Credit was Permanent in all of 2016, the Research Tax Credit lowered the book effective tax rate in each of the four quarters of 2016. Thus, the 4Q 2016 had only roughly one quarter of the annual Research Tax Credit included in earnings, whereas the 4Q 2015 had four quarters of the annual Research Tax Credit included in earnings.
So, what's the most relevant measure for how Alphabet performed in the 4Q 2016? It's clearly not its After Tax Net Income trend, which was very significanty distorted by the timing of when the US PATH ACT was made permanent and thus resulted in the Research Tax Credit being inconsistently handled in quarterly earnings.
From my perspective, the most relevant measure for how Alphabet performed in the 4Q 2016 was clearly the 32% increase in Pretax Income in the 4Q 2016 over the 4Q 2015, especially since it's clearly a substantial acceleration of true earnings growth from the 20% Pretax Income growth for the 9 Months ended September 30, 2016 over the 9 Months ended September 30, 2015.
Third, the last one on the below list ..... Oil & Gas Company Hess Corp. For the 4Q 2016, it had a Pretax Loss of $1.709 Bil, a bit better than the Pretax Loss of $2.283 Bil in the 4Q 2015. However, its Bottom Line Net Loss was a substantially higher $4.898 Bil in the 4Q 2016 due to a $3.749 Bil Non-cash Accounting Charge related to its assessment of the future realization of its Deferred Tax Assets.
Below here are the Total Reported US GAAP Earnings (Losses) From Continuing Operations for the Quarters Ended December 2016 and 2015 for each of these 128 large US Companies.
Calendar | Calendar | ||||||||
4Q | 4Q | ||||||||
2016 | 2015 | ||||||||
Calendar | US GAAP | US GAAP | |||||||
Companies With Market Caps Above $10 Bil, With | Most | 4Q | Net | Net | |||||
Dec 2016 Quarter Ends And Which Have Released | City | State | Recent | Month | Income | Income | Better | Better | |
Their Dec 2016 Quarter Earnings By Jan 26, 2017 | HQs | HQs | FYE | End | (Loss) | (Loss) | (Worse) | (Worse) | |
$ mils | $ mils | $ mils | % | ||||||
JPMorgan Chase | New York | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 6,727 | 5,434 | 1,293 | 24% | |
eBay Inc | San Jose | CA | Dec16 | Dec | 5,948 | 523 | 5,425 | 1037% | |
Alphabet (Google) | Mountain View | CA | Dec16 | Dec | 5,333 | 4,923 | 410 | 8% | |
Wells Fargo | San Francisco | CA | Dec16 | Dec | 5,304 | 5,623 | (319) | -6% | |
Microsoft | Redmond | WA | Jun16 | Dec | 5,200 | 5,018 | 182 | 4% | |
Banc of America | Charlotte | NC | Dec16 | Dec | 4,696 | 3,284 | 1,412 | 43% | |
Verizon Communications | New York | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 4,600 | 5,513 | (913) | -17% | |
IBM | Armonk | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 4,505 | 4,460 | 45 | 1% | |
Johnson & Johnson | New Brunswick | NJ | Dec16 | Dec | 3,814 | 3,215 | 599 | 19% | |
General Electric | Boston | MA | Dec16 | Dec | 3,659 | 2,645 | 1,014 | 38% | |
Citigroup | New York | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 3,591 | 3,405 | 186 | 5% | |
Intel | Santa Clara | CA | Dec16 | Dec | 3,562 | 3,613 | (51) | -1% | |
Procter & Gamble | Cincinnati | OH | Jun16 | Dec | 2,561 | 2,905 | (344) | -12% | |
AT&T | Dallas | TX | Dec16 | Dec | 2,515 | 4,086 | (1,571) | -38% | |
Comcast | Philadelphia | PA | Dec16 | Dec | 2,417 | 2,056 | 361 | 18% | |
Goldman Sachs | New York | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 2,347 | 765 | 1,582 | 207% | |
UnitedHealth Group | Minnetonka | MN | Dec16 | Dec | 1,928 | 1,252 | 676 | 54% | |
Morgan Stanley | New York | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 1,680 | 943 | 737 | 78% | |
Boeing | Seattle | WA | Dec16 | Dec | 1,631 | 1,026 | 605 | 59% | |
Corning | Corning | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 1,572 | 224 | 1,348 | 602% | |
US Bancorp | Minneapolis | MN | Dec16 | Dec | 1,491 | 1,489 | 2 | 0% | |
McDonald's | Oak Brook | IL | Dec16 | Dec | 1,193 | 1,206 | (13) | -1% | |
3M | St Paul | MN | Dec16 | Dec | 1,156 | 1,039 | 117 | 11% | |
Union Pacific | Omaha | NE | Dec16 | Dec | 1,144 | 1,117 | 27 | 2% | |
United Technologies | Farmington | CT | Dec16 | Dec | 1,124 | (177) | 1,301 | 735% | |
PNC Financial Services Group | Pittsburgh | PA | Dec16 | Dec | 1,047 | 1,022 | 25 | 2% | |
Texas Instruments | Dallas | TX | Dec16 | Dec | 1,047 | 836 | 211 | 25% | |
Lockeed Martin | Bethesda | MD | Dec16 | Dec | 959 | 817 | 142 | 17% | |
Travelers | Saint Paul | MN | Dec16 | Dec | 943 | 866 | 77 | 9% | |
Bristol-Myers Squibb | New York | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 898 | (188) | 1,086 | 578% | |
Bank New York Mellon | New York | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 872 | 696 | 176 | 25% | |
BlackRock | New York | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 851 | 869 | (18) | -2% | |
American Express | New York | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 825 | 899 | (74) | -8% | |
Capital One Financial | McLean | VA | Dec16 | Dec | 793 | 908 | (115) | -13% | |
The Blackstone Group LP | New York | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 770 | 395 | 375 | 95% | |
Abbott Laboratories | Abbott Park | IL | Dec16 | Dec | 765 | 695 | 70 | 10% | |
Starbucks | Seattle | WA | Sep16 | Dec | 752 | 688 | 64 | 9% | |
Qualcomm | San Diego | CA | Sep16 | Dec | 681 | 1,496 | (815) | -54% | |
McKesson | San Francisco | CA | Mar16 | Dec | 649 | 642 | 7 | 1% | |
Biogen | Cambridge | MA | Dec16 | Dec | 648 | 829 | (181) | -22% | |
BB&T Corp | Winston Salem | NC | Dec16 | Dec | 643 | 542 | 101 | 19% | |
Delta Airlines | Atlanta | GA | Dec16 | Dec | 622 | 980 | (358) | -37% | |
Las Vegas Sands | Las Vegas | NV | Dec16 | Dec | 607 | 575 | 32 | 6% | |
State Street Corp | Boston | MA | Dec16 | Dec | 593 | 577 | 16 | 3% | |
Synchrony Financial | Stamford | CT | Dec16 | Dec | 576 | 547 | 29 | 5% | |
Discover Financial Services | Riverwoods | IL | Dec16 | Dec | 563 | 500 | 63 | 13% | |
Raytheon | Waltham | MA | Dec16 | Dec | 541 | 554 | (13) | -2% | |
Northrop Grumman | Falls Church | VA | Dec16 | Dec | 525 | 459 | 66 | 14% | |
Charles Schwab | San Francisco | CA | Dec16 | Dec | 522 | 416 | 106 | 25% | |
Southwest Airlines | Dallas | TX | Dec16 | Dec | 522 | 536 | (14) | -3% | |
Kimberly-Clark | Dallas | TX | Dec16 | Dec | 518 | 344 | 174 | 51% | |
Stryker | Kalamazoo | MI | Dec16 | Dec | 510 | 522 | (12) | -2% | |
Illinois Tool Works | Glenview | IL | Dec16 | Dec | 507 | 450 | 57 | 13% | |
SunTrust Banks | Atlanta | GA | Dec16 | Dec | 467 | 487 | (20) | -4% | |
Prologis | San Francisco | CA | Dec16 | Dec | 467 | 127 | 340 | 268% | |
CSX Corp | Jacksonville | FL | Dec16 | Dec | 458 | 466 | (8) | -2% | |
VMware | Palo Alto | CA | Dec16 | Dec | 441 | 373 | 68 | 18% | |
Celgene | Summit | NJ | Dec16 | Dec | 429 | 561 | (132) | -24% | |
Praxair | Danbury | CT | Dec16 | Dec | 419 | 431 | (12) | -3% | |
Norfolk Southern | Norfolk | VA | Dec16 | Dec | 416 | 361 | 55 | 15% | |
TE Connectivity Ltd | Berwyn | PA | Sep16 | Dec | 406 | 324 | 82 | 25% | |
United Continental | Chicago | IL | Dec16 | Dec | 397 | 823 | (426) | -52% | |
Fifth Third Bancorp | Cincinnati | OH | Dec16 | Dec | 395 | 657 | (262) | -40% | |
PayPal Holdings | San Jose | CA | Dec16 | Dec | 390 | 367 | 23 | 6% | |
Progressive Corp | Mayfield Village | OH | Dec16 | Dec | 383 | 330 | 53 | 16% | |
T. Rowe Price Group | Baltimore | MD | Dec16 | Dec | 367 | 303 | 64 | 21% | |
Lam Research | Fremont | CA | Jun16 | Dec | 333 | 223 | 110 | 49% | |
M&T Bank | Buffalo | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 331 | 271 | 60 | 22% | |
Seagate Technology | Cupertino | CA | Jun16 | Dec | 297 | 165 | 132 | 80% | |
Regions Financial | Birmingham | AL | Dec16 | Dec | 294 | 288 | 6 | 2% | |
Citizens Financial Group | Providence | RI | Dec16 | Dec | 282 | 221 | 61 | 28% | |
Northern Trust | Chicago | IL | Dec16 | Dec | 267 | 239 | 28 | 12% | |
Royal Caribbean Cruises | Miami | FL | Dec16 | Dec | 261 | 207 | 54 | 26% | |
Skyworks Solutions | Woburn | MA | Sep16 | Dec | 258 | 355 | (97) | -27% | |
Stanley Black & Decker | New Britain | CT | Dec16 | Dec | 256 | 267 | (11) | -4% | |
Dupont | Wilmington | DE | Dec16 | Dec | 252 | (231) | 483 | 209% | |
Amphenol | Wallingford | CT | Dec16 | Dec | 238 | 203 | 35 | 17% | |
KLA-Tencor | Milpitas | CA | Jun16 | Dec | 238 | 152 | 86 | 57% | |
Western Digital | Irvine | CA | Jun16 | Dec | 235 | 251 | (16) | -6% | |
KeyCorp | Cleveland | OH | Dec16 | Dec | 232 | 233 | (1) | 0% | |
Check Point Software | San Carlos | CA | Dec16 | Dec | 222 | 195 | 27 | 14% | |
Invesco Ltd | Atlanta | GA | Dec16 | Dec | 218 | 195 | 23 | 12% | |
TD Ameritrade | Omaha | NE | Sep16 | Dec | 216 | 212 | 4 | 2% | |
Kinder Morgan Inc | Houston | TX | Dec16 | Dec | 215 | (736) | 951 | 129% | |
Rockwell Automation | Milwaukee | WI | Sep16 | Dec | 215 | 186 | 29 | 16% | |
Textron | Providence | RI | Dec16 | Dec | 215 | 225 | (10) | -4% | |
Huntington Bancshares | Columbus | OH | Dec16 | Dec | 212 | 178 | 34 | 19% | |
CA Inc | New York | NY | Mar16 | Dec | 208 | 219 | (11) | -5% | |
D.R. Horton | Fort Worth | TX | Sep16 | Dec | 207 | 158 | 49 | 31% | |
Intuitive Surgical | Sunnyvale | CA | Dec16 | Dec | 204 | 190 | 14 | 7% | |
Freeport-McMoRan | Phoenix | AZ | Dec16 | Dec | 202 | (4,090) | 4,292 | 105% | |
Citrix Systems | Ft Lauderdale | FL | Dec16 | Dec | 200 | 131 | 69 | 53% | |
Juniper Networks | Sunnyvale | CA | Dec16 | Dec | 197 | 198 | (1) | -1% | |
L-3 Communications Holdings | New York | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 192 | (56) | 248 | 443% | |
Whirlpool | Benton Harbor | MI | Dec16 | Dec | 186 | 189 | (3) | -2% | |
First Republic Bank | San Francisco | CA | Dec16 | Dec | 179 | 140 | 39 | 28% | |
Waters Corp | Milford | MA | Dec16 | Dec | 174 | 151 | 23 | 15% | |
Mead Johnson Nutrition | Evansville | IN | Dec16 | Dec | 168 | 131 | 37 | 28% | |
Quest Diagnostics | Madison | NJ | Dec16 | Dec | 167 | 200 | (33) | -17% | |
Comerica | Dallas | TX | Dec16 | Dec | 164 | 116 | 48 | 41% | |
Yahoo! | Sunnyvale | CA | Dec16 | Dec | 164 | (4,432) | 4,596 | 104% | |
Dover Corp | Downers Grove | IL | Dec16 | Dec | 161 | 137 | 24 | 18% | |
CR Bard | Murray Hill | NJ | Dec16 | Dec | 160 | 136 | 24 | 18% | |
Raymond James Financial | St. Petersburg | FL | Sep16 | Dec | 147 | 106 | 41 | 39% | |
Rockwell Collins | Cedar Rapids | IA | Sep16 | Dec | 145 | 133 | 12 | 9% | |
Xilinx | San Jose | CA | Mar16 | Dec | 142 | 131 | 11 | 8% | |
Eastman Chemical | Kingsport | TN | Dec16 | Dec | 130 | 125 | 5 | 4% | |
Maxim Integrated Products | San Jose | CA | Jun16 | Dec | 130 | 67 | 63 | 94% | |
Crown Castle Intl | Houston | TX | Dec16 | Dec | 125 | 143 | (18) | -13% | |
Linear Technology | Milpitas | CA | Jun16 | Dec | 124 | 122 | 2 | 2% | |
J B Hunt Transport Services | Lowell | AR | Dec16 | Dec | 118 | 117 | 1 | 1% | |
Fastenal | Winona | MN | Dec16 | Dec | 115 | 112 | 3 | 3% | |
Dow Chemical | Midland | MI | Dec16 | Dec | 84 | 3,631 | (3,547) | -98% | |
PPG Industries | Pittsburgh | PA | Dec16 | Dec | 81 | 299 | (218) | -73% | |
WestRock | Norcross | GA | Sep16 | Dec | 79 | 30 | 49 | 163% | |
WW Grainger | Lake Forest | IL | Dec16 | Dec | 68 | 149 | (81) | -54% | |
Netflix | Los Gatos | CA | Dec16 | Dec | 67 | 43 | 24 | 56% | |
SL Green Realty | New York | NY | Dec16 | Dec | 54 | 74 | (20) | -27% | |
Vertex Pharmaceuticals | Boston | MA | Dec16 | Dec | 28 | (75) | 103 | 57% | |
Interactive Brokers Group | Greenwich | CT | Dec16 | Dec | 21 | 121 | (100) | -83% | |
Alliance Data Systems | Plano | TX | Dec16 | Dec | 11 | 180 | (169) | -94% | |
ServiceNow | Santa Clara | CA | Dec16 | Dec | (33) | (37) | 4 | 12% | |
Halliburton | Houston | TX | Dec16 | Dec | (153) | (26) | (127) | -488% | |
Schlumberger Ltd | Houston | TX | Dec16 | Dec | (194) | (989) | 795 | 80% | |
Baker Hughes | Houston | TX | Dec16 | Dec | (413) | (1,035) | 622 | 176% | |
Ford Motor | Dearborn | MI | Dec16 | Dec | (783) | 1,868 | (2,651) | -142% | |
Caterpillar | Peoria | IL | Dec16 | Dec | (1,167) | (90) | (1,077) | -1197% | |
Hess Corp | New York | NY | Dec16 | Dec | (4,898) | (1,791) | (3,107) | -173% | |
Total all 128 | 107,130 | 89,894 | 17,236 | 19.2% |